Monstera deliciosa, also known as the Swiss cheese plant, is beloved by plant enthusiasts for its lush foliage and unique aerial roots.
These long, dangling roots are not only a fascinating feature of the plant but also serve important functions in its natural habitat.
In this comprehensive guide, we will explore everything you need to know about Monstera aerial roots, including their purpose, appearance, care, and propagation.
1. What are Monstera Aerial Roots?
Monstera deliciosa is a tropical plant native to the rainforests of Central and South America. One of its most distinctive features is the development of long aerial roots.
These roots grow above the surface of the soil and serve various purposes for the plant.
In nature, Monstera deliciosa uses its aerial roots to attach to tree trunks for support, allowing it to climb and reach higher up towards brighter light. These roots also absorb moisture and nutrients from the surrounding environment.
2. The Purpose of Aerial Roots
The primary purpose of Monstera aerial roots is to provide structural support to the plant. In their natural habitat, Monstera deliciosa plants climb trees by attaching their aerial roots to the trunk.
This allows them to reach sunlight in the upper canopy of the rainforest. The roots also collect moisture and nutrients from the air and surrounding debris, providing additional sustenance to the plant.
3. Appearance of Monstera Aerial Roots
Monstera aerial roots typically start as firm, brown nubs along the vine. As they grow, they can extend several feet in length. These roots have a cord-like appearance and may develop small root hairs along their length.
The aerial roots are usually thicker and more robust than the underground roots of the plant.
4. Caring for Aerial Roots
Proper care for Monstera aerial roots is essential for the overall health and growth of the plant. Here are some important considerations:
4.1 Trimming Aerial Roots
As Monstera aerial roots grow, they may become long and unruly. If the roots start touching the floor or become difficult to manage, you can trim them without harming the plant.
Simply use clean, sharp scissors or pruning shears to cut the roots to a manageable length. Remember that more aerial roots will continue to grow, so periodic trimming may be necessary.
4.2 Guiding Aerial Roots
Some plant enthusiasts prefer to guide the aerial roots to grow into the soil of their pots. This can be done by gently burying the roots in the potting mix or guiding them towards the soil surface.
While not necessary for the plant’s survival, this practice can create an interesting aesthetic and mimic the natural behavior of the roots.
4.3 Watering Aerial Roots
Contrary to common belief, Monstera aerial roots do not require watering or misting. As long as you follow proper watering practices for your plant, the aerial roots will absorb the necessary moisture from the surrounding air.
Overwatering or excessively misting the aerial roots can lead to root rot and other issues.
5. Propagating Monstera Aerial Roots
While Monstera aerial roots cannot be used to grow a new plant on their own, they can play a role in propagation.
To propagate Monstera deliciosa, you will need to take a cutting that includes a node, which is where the leaf meets the vine.
Cut the vine just below a node and place it in water or moist potting mix. A new vine will grow from the node, eventually developing its own set of aerial roots.
6. Training Aerial Roots on Moss Poles
Although not necessary, you can train Monstera aerial roots to grow onto moss poles. Moss poles provide additional support for the plant and create a visually appealing display.
To train the roots, gently secure them to the moss pole using twist ties or plant clips. You can also mist the moss pole to encourage the roots to grow into it.
7. Factors Affecting Aerial Root Growth
Several factors can influence the growth and development of Monstera aerial roots. These include:
- Light: Monstera deliciosa requires bright, indirect light to thrive. Adequate light exposure will promote healthy root growth.
- Humidity: Higher humidity levels can encourage aerial root development. If the air in your home is dry, consider using a humidifier or placing a tray of water near your plant.
- Temperature: Monstera deliciosa prefers temperatures between 65-85°F (18-29°C). Avoid exposing the plant to extreme temperature fluctuations, as this can hinder root growth.
- Nutrition: Providing a balanced fertilizer can support overall plant health, including root development. Use a slow-release fertilizer or dilute liquid fertilizer as recommended for houseplants.
8. Dealing with Shriveling Aerial Roots
Unlike some other plants, Monstera aerial roots do not typically shrivel or dry out. If you notice shriveling or dying tips on the roots, it may indicate a problem with the plant’s care.
Inspect the roots for physical damage and trim off any dried or shriveled sections. Review your watering and care practices to ensure they are appropriate for your plant’s needs.
9. FAQs about Monstera Aerial Roots
Q: Can Monstera aerial roots be used for propagation?
A: No, you cannot grow a new Monstera plant from just an aerial root. You will need a cutting that includes a node to propagate the plant successfully.
Q: Why doesn’t my Monstera have aerial roots?
A: If your Monstera is still young, it may not have developed aerial roots yet. As the plant matures, the roots will start to appear.
Q: Should I place Monstera aerial roots in water?
A: While you can place the aerial roots in water, it is not necessary. Proper watering practices for the plant will provide sufficient moisture to the roots.
10. Conclusion
Monstera aerial roots are not only a fascinating aspect of the plant’s anatomy but also serve important functions in its natural habitat. Understanding their purpose and providing proper care for these roots will contribute to the overall health and growth of your Monstera deliciosa.
Whether you choose to trim the roots, guide them into the soil, or train them on moss poles, incorporating these practices will help you create a thriving and visually stunning plant display. Experiment with different techniques and enjoy the unique beauty of your Monstera aerial roots.
Remember, a healthy and happy Monstera is a result of providing optimal care, including appropriate light, humidity, and watering practices. With proper care, your Monstera aerial roots will continue to flourish, adding to the charm of this beloved houseplant.